WEB-013Original text reviewed

Gene-expression and growth changes in tumour organoids at 30.5 GHz

Rampazzo et al. · 2024 · Frontiers in oncology

The reported finding

Gene expression, proliferation and selected apoptosis measures changed; one exposure condition increased the response to temozolomide.

Reading it carefully

Tumour and therapeutic model; not healthy-tissue toxicity or a cancer-induction experiment. Limited donor material. Preserved differentiation markers and thermal/dosimetry context matter.

Inside the study

Technology connection

Millimetre-wave laboratory biology; frequency overlap does not demonstrate effects from a deployed system.

Publication type

Original journal research

Exposure conditions

30.5 GHz continuous wave; 0.1 W RMS for 20 min or 0.2 W for 10 min; temperature monitored and modelled. Generator power is not tissue SAR.

Design & controls

Patient-derived glioblastoma organoids from three specimens; sham comparisons; molecular, proliferation/apoptosis and temozolomide-response assays.

Statistics

See reported finding and original tables; effect sizes not independently recalculated.

The protection question raised

Which exposure conditions and biological models reproduce this response, and what would establish its relevance to health?

Source verification

Original methods/results sections reviewed; no independent raw-data or supplement audit.

Where to find the result

Original results/methods sections

Editorial notices

Linked notice fields in retrieved Europe PMC/PubMed records checked 21 October 2026; no correction or retraction surfaced there. Publisher-history and forward-citation screening are not exhaustive.

Funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was supported by Project ECS 0000024 Rome Technopole, -CUP B83C22002820006, NRP Mission 4 Component 2 Investment 1.5, Funded by the European Union -NextGenerationEU. AC was supported by fellowships from the Umberto Veronesi Foundation (#4420, #4820 and #5216).

Conflicts of interest

Conflict of interest Authors GH, ID, and CH were employed by the company CREO Medical Limited. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Original publication

Elena Rampazzo; Luca Persano; Nissar Karim; George Hodgking; Rosanna Pinto; Arianna Casciati; Mirella Tanori; Alessandro Zambotti; Silvia Bresolin; Alice Cani; Alessandro Pannicelli; Ilan W Davies; Cristopher Hancock; Cristiano Palego; Giampietro Viola; Mariateresa Mancuso; Caterina Merla. On the effects of 30.5 GHz sinusoidal wave exposure on glioblastoma organoids. Frontiers in oncology. 2024. doi:10.3389/fonc.2024.1307516.

Plain-text record