What sperm-quality studies report across humans and animals

What this paper brings together

An updated systematic review and meta-analysis combining human and animal mobile-phone/sperm-quality studies.

The authors’ synthesis or proposal

Synthesizes 39 studies: pooled human cross-sectional evidence did not show overall sperm-quality decline, while in-vitro human sperm and animal experiments reported reduced motility or viability.

Reading the connections carefully

Study region, age, restraint, exposure system and duration contributed to heterogeneity. Laboratory sperm endpoints do not directly quantify infertility risk from routine human phone use.

Study records to read alongside

These are topical connections within this library. A link does not mean the review cited this particular paper or independently confirmed its result.

• RF-006 Reduced sperm function and oxidative DNA damage in vitro
• RF-022 Reproductive endpoints at 3.5 and 24 GHz
• RF-044 Prenatal 3.5 GHz exposure and delayed testicular endpoints: retrieval lead