WEB-054Original abstract reviewed
3.5 GHz: thyroid hormones and oxidative markers in rats
The reported finding
RF exposure reduced T3/T4, increased TSH and shifted oxidative markers. Quercetin-associated reversals were not consistently statistically significant.
Reading it carefully
Original abstract only. Full waveform, thermometry, blinding and statistical methods not audited. Rodent biochemical findings do not establish human thyroid disease or justify supplement advice.
Inside the study
Technology connection
Relevant carrier-frequency research; the record distinguishes actual 5G modulation from other laboratory waveforms.
Publication type
Original journal research
Exposure conditions
3.5 GHz, reported transmitter power 2 W; 2 h/day, 5 days/week for 30 days; simulated thyroid average SAR 1.128 W/kg.
Design & controls
Twenty-eight male Wistar rats; sham, RF, quercetin and combined groups; thyroid oxidative markers and serum hormones.
Statistics
See the original results; effect sizes were not independently recalculated.
Related research & shared cohorts
Bektas/Van programme; separate reported experiment from the prenatal and DRG studies.
The protection question raised
Which exposure conditions reproduce this finding, and what would establish its relevance beyond the experimental model?
Source verification
Original abstract and bibliographic identity reviewed; full methods, dosimetry and statistics not audited.
Where to find the result
Original abstract
Editorial notices
Linked Europe PMC/PubMed notice fields checked 21 October 2026; no correction/retraction surfaced for this record. Publisher/citation screening is not exhaustive.
Funding
Not established from the retrieved original abstract.
Conflicts of interest
Not established from the retrieved original abstract.
Original publication
Hava Bektas; Burcu Buse Bese Akgun; Serife Cakir; Semih Dogu; Bedia Ahnas. Protective effects of quercetin against 3.5 GHz RF radiation-induced thyroid dysfunction and oxidative stress in rats. Electromagnetic biology and medicine. 2025. doi:10.1080/15368378.2025.2528732.