ECO-002Retrieval lead
Tree damage and spatial exposure observations
The reported finding
Discovery dossier describes spatial correspondence between crown damage and measured RF exposure.
Reading it carefully
A retrieval entry, not a verified ecological causal conclusion.
Inside the study
Exposure conditions
See original source for calibrated field and modulation conditions.
Design & controls
Observational or experimental ecology; original methods pending.
The protection question raised
Does the spatial observation distinguish RF from other causes of tree damage? Original comparison sites and methods remain unreviewed; the paper's causal title cannot substitute for verified evidence.
Source verification
Record verified; full text still required
Editorial notices
Primary PubMed linked-notice record checked 20 Oct 2026; no correction, concern or retraction linked at check. This is not an exhaustive publisher-history certification.
Funding
Not established from retrieved material.
Conflicts of interest
Not established from retrieved material.
Original publication
Waldmann-Selsam C, Balmori-de la Puente A, Breunig H, Balmori A. Radiofrequency radiation injures trees around mobile phone base stations. Science of The Total Environment. 2016;572:554-569. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.045.