# WEB-031 — 58.4 GHz: pulse timing changes the cellular heat response Why this matters An average temperature can conceal brief peaks. In this cancer-cell experiment, pulsed heating produced a stronger response than continuous heating with the same average temperature rise. It illustrates why exposure timing belongs beside intensity when interpreting an experiment. Id: WEB-031 Author: Orlacchio et al. Full Authors: Rosa Orlacchio; Yann Le Page; Yves Le Dréan; Rémy Le Guével; Ronan Sauleau; Stanislav Alekseev; Maxim Zhadobov Year: 2019 Title: Millimeter-wave pulsed heating in vitro: cell mortality and heat shock response Journal: Scientific reports Citation: Rosa Orlacchio; Yann Le Page; Yves Le Dréan; Rémy Le Guével; Ronan Sauleau; Stanislav Alekseev; Maxim Zhadobov. Millimeter-wave pulsed heating in vitro: cell mortality and heat shock response. Scientific reports. 2019. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-51731-7. Doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-51731-7 Pmid: 31649300 Topic: Pulse timing and thermal responses; Millimetre-wave cellular responses Verification Group: Original text reviewed Record Role: Original text reviewed Featured: False Exposure: 58.4 GHz; 90 min; pulses 1.5 s long every 20 s. Average steady-state temperature about 42.3°C; peaks about 49°C. Design: A375 melanoma cells; continuous versus amplitude-modulated pulsed heating; temperature mapping and fluorescence assays. Finding: Pulsed exposure produced almost fivefold greater caspase-3 activation and 58% greater HSP27 phosphorylation than continuous exposure. Statistics: See the original results; effect sizes were not independently recalculated. Boundary: Deliberate hyperthermia experiment, with three culture plates per condition. This demonstrates thermal pulse effects; it is not a test of low-intensity wireless exposure or evidence of non-thermal injury. Related: Rennes exposure programme; distinct protocol from the 60.4 GHz metabolomic study. Protection Question: Which exposure conditions reproduce this finding, and what would establish its relevance beyond the experimental model? Access: Original methods/results and interpretation reviewed; raw data and supplements were not independently audited. Locator: Original methods and results Notice: Linked Europe PMC/PubMed notice fields checked 21 October 2026; no correction/retraction surfaced for this record. Publisher/citation screening is not exhaustive. Funding: Reported funder(s): https://doi.org/10.13039/501100007546 Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l'Alimentation, de l'Environnement et du Travail (ANSES), https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004794 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (National Center for Scientific Research), The EU through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), and by the Brittany Region, Ministry of Higher Education and Research, Rennes Métropole and Conseil Départemental, through the CPER Project SOPHIE / STIC & Ondes.. Grant identifiers: 5 G and MEMO projects, INSIS grant “Bioelectromagnetics: from engineering to biomedical applications. Conflicts: See original disclosure; no independently verified conflict assessment. Source Url: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-51731-7 Retrieval Links: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-51731-7 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31649300/ | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6813304/ Verification Date: 2026-10-21 Discovery Id: TARGETED-20261021-04 Technology Tracks: wigig|millimetre Technology Connection: 60 GHz-region or adjacent-band biology; not an experiment with a WiGig device and not evidence of an oxygen-deprivation mechanism. Publication Type: Original journal research Study Setting: Cells / isolated tissue Browse Categories: cells