# WEB-020 — Immune modulation during 61.22 GHz exposure in treated mice

Why this matters
Biological responses can depend on the condition of the organism. This study examined how exposure changed selected immune functions during recovery from a drug-induced suppression.

Id: WEB-020

Author: Makar et al.

Full Authors: V R Makar; M K Logani; A Bhanushali; S I Alekseev; M C Ziskin

Year: 2006

Title: Effect of cyclophosphamide and 61.22 GHz millimeter waves on T-cell, B-cell, and macrophage functions

Journal: Bioelectromagnetics

Citation: V R Makar; M K Logani; A Bhanushali; S I Alekseev; M C Ziskin. Effect of cyclophosphamide and 61.22 GHz millimeter waves on T-cell, B-cell, and macrophage functions. Bioelectromagnetics. 2006. doi:10.1002/bem.20230.

Doi: 10.1002/bem.20230

Pmid: 16622862

Topic: Immune modulation; 60 GHz-region biological responses

Verification Group: Original abstract reviewed

Record Role: Original abstract reviewed

Featured: False

Exposure: 61.22±0.2 GHz nose exposure; peak skin SAR 885±100 W/kg, peak density 31±5 mW/cm²; 30 min/day for 3 days; maximum nose warming about 1°C.

Design: Mice receiving cyclophosphamide; macrophage, splenocyte and lymphocyte assays after treatment.

Finding: TNF-α, IFN-γ and T-cell proliferation increased; IL-10 and B-cell proliferation did not change.

Statistics: See reported finding and original tables; effect sizes not independently recalculated.

Boundary: Original abstract only; recovery/immune-modulation model, not demonstrated harm. Drug co-exposure and high superficial dose prevent direct extrapolation to WiGig or healthy people.

Protection Question: Which exposure conditions and biological models reproduce this response, and what would establish its relevance to health?

Access: Original abstract and bibliographic metadata checked; full methods and dosimetry not audited.

Locator: Original abstract; methods verification incomplete

Notice: Linked notice fields in retrieved Europe PMC/PubMed records checked 21 October 2026; no correction or retraction surfaced there. Publisher-history and forward-citation screening are not exhaustive.

Funding: Not established from retrieved original abstract.

Conflicts: Not established from retrieved original abstract.

Source Url: https://doi.org/10.1002/bem.20230

Retrieval Links: https://doi.org/10.1002/bem.20230 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16622862/

Verification Date: 2026-10-21

Discovery Id: EML-WIGIG-003

Technology Tracks: wigig|millimetre

Technology Connection: 60 GHz-region experiment; not a test of a WiGig device or an oxygen-deprivation mechanism.

Publication Type: Original journal research

Study Setting: Animals

Browse Categories: cells