# WEB-006 — DNA fragmentation in boar sperm exposed to mobile-frequency fields

Why this matters
Reproductive cells provide a direct way to examine DNA integrity. Splitting each donor’s semen between conditions helped this study compare exposed and control material from the same animal.

Id: WEB-006

Author: Butković et al.

Full Authors: Ivan Butković; Silvijo Vince; Martina Lojkić; Ivan Folnožić; Suzana Milinović Tur; Marinko Vilić; Krešimir Malarić; Velimir Berta; Marko Samardžija; Mario Kreszinger; Ivona Žura Žaja

Year: 2024

Title: Effects of 5G radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation on indicators of vitality and DNA integrity of in vitro exposed boar semen

Journal: Theriogenology

Citation: Ivan Butković; Silvijo Vince; Martina Lojkić; Ivan Folnožić; Suzana Milinović Tur; Marinko Vilić; Krešimir Malarić; Velimir Berta; Marko Samardžija; Mario Kreszinger; Ivona Žura Žaja. Effects of 5G radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation on indicators of vitality and DNA integrity of in vitro exposed boar semen. Theriogenology. 2024. doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.09.025.

Doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.09.025

Pmid: 39342826

Topic: Reproductive DNA integrity; Newer-frequency reproduction

Verification Group: Original abstract reviewed

Record Role: Original abstract reviewed

Featured: False

Exposure: Continuous 700, 2500 or 3500 MHz; 10 V/m; 2 h in a transverse electromagnetic cell.

Design: Semen from 12 boars split into paired exposed/control aliquots; DNA fragmentation, membrane integrity and mitochondrial assays.

Finding: DNA fragmentation increased at all three frequencies; membrane damage also increased at 3.5 GHz.

Statistics: See reported finding and original tables; effect sizes not independently recalculated.

Boundary: Original abstract only; dosimetry and temperature methods not fully audited. Isolated semen and continuous carriers do not establish fertility effects from 5G traffic in people.

Protection Question: Which exposure conditions and biological models reproduce this response, and what would establish its relevance to health?

Access: Original abstract and bibliographic metadata checked; full methods and dosimetry not audited.

Locator: Original abstract; methods verification incomplete

Notice: Linked notice fields in retrieved Europe PMC/PubMed records checked 21 October 2026; no correction or retraction surfaced there. Publisher-history and forward-citation screening are not exhaustive.

Funding: Not established from retrieved original abstract.

Conflicts: Not established from retrieved original abstract.

Source Url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.09.025

Retrieval Links: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.09.025 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39342826/

Verification Date: 2026-10-21

Discovery Id: EML-5G-006

Technology Tracks: 5g

Technology Connection: Relevant mobile-frequency experiment; waveform and dose described in this record.

Publication Type: Original journal research

Study Setting: Cells / isolated tissue

Browse Categories: reproduction|cells