# RF-043 — 2026 GSM-modulated 3.5 GHz reproductive study: retrieval lead

Why this matters
The abstract reports changes in rat reproductive hormones and testicular tissue, partly reduced by an antioxidant treatment. It offers a chemical-stress hypothesis to verify. Although the frequency was 3.5 GHz, the signal format was GSM, not the format used by 5G networks. Full methods remain unreviewed.

Id: RF-043

Author: Bektas et al.

Full Authors: Hava Bektas; Seval Yildirim; Serife Cakir; Semih Dogu; Fikret Altindag

Year: 2026

Title: Ameliorative Role of Coenzyme Q10 in RF Radiation-Associated Testicular and Oxidative Impairments in a 3.5-GHz Exposure Model

Journal: Bioelectromagnetics

Citation: Hava Bektas; Seval Yildirim; Serife Cakir; Semih Dogu; Fikret Altindag. Ameliorative Role of Coenzyme Q10 in RF Radiation-Associated Testicular and Oxidative Impairments in a 3.5-GHz Exposure Model. Bioelectromagnetics. 2026;47(1):e70043. doi:10.1002/bem.70043.

Doi: 10.1002/bem.70043

Pmid: 41578890

Topic: Newer-frequency reproduction

Verification Group: Original abstract verified

Record Role: Original abstract verified

Featured: False

Exposure: GSM-modulated 3.5 GHz,2 h/day for 30 days. Simulated whole-body SAR0.16995 W/kg; testis 0.02669 W/kg. CoQ10 10 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally.

Design: 28 adult male Wistar rats in four groups: control, RF, CoQ10, RF+CoQ10; nominal n=7/group. Full methods and thermometry not retrieved.

Finding: Primary abstract reports lower gonadotropins/testosterone, increased oxidative markers and testicular degeneration, partially ameliorated by CoQ10.

Boundary: GSM modulation at 3.5 GHz is not 5G NR. Full methods/statistics and actual fertility outcomes unverified. The SAR numbers do not establish human-limit compliance.

Related: Bektas/Van programme, with authors already represented; does not independently confirm other Bektas papers.

Protection Question: Are the reported reproductive-tissue changes robust under verified thermal and exposure conditions? Full methods remain unreviewed, and GSM modulation at 3.5 GHz cannot be treated as a 5G NR experiment.

Access: Primary PubMed/publisher abstract and Scite abstract only. Retrieval lead.

Locator: Abstract.

Notice: No editorial notice surfaced in the Scite/primary-record checks used for this record; this is not a comprehensive clean-bill certification.

Funding: Not established from retrieved material.

Conflicts: Not established from retrieved material.

Source Url: https://doi.org/10.1002/bem.70043

Retrieval Links: https://doi.org/10.1002/bem.70043 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41578890/

Verification Date: 2026-10-20

Technology Tracks: 5g