# REV-029 — Sperm and testicular findings across rodent RF experiments

Collection: Reviews & proposed mechanisms (not an original experiment)

Id: REV-029

Heading: Sperm and testicular findings across rodent RF experiments

Doi: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2026.109300

Title: Influence of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation on spermatogenesis and sperm function in rodent models: A systematic review

Authors: Nushin Naderi; Marziyeh Tavalaee; Parand Heydarian Far; Ali Mokhtari; Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani

Author: Naderi et al.

Date: 2026-06-25

Kind: Systematic review

Why: Reproductive findings become easier to assess when the exposure conditions and recurring weaknesses are examined across experiments.

Scope: A review of 88 eligible rodent studies, with searches through December 2025; reported frequencies 800–24,000 MHz and SARs 0.014–34 W/kg.

Summary: The authors identify oxidative and reproductive alterations in subsets of studies, including sperm and testicular endpoints. Their synthesis describes plausible biological signals while finding no uniform causal interpretation across the literature.

Limitations: Housing, allocation, blinding, dosimetry and outcome assessment were recurrent uncertainties. This is animal evidence with heterogeneous, often subchronic exposures, not an estimate of human infertility. Some publisher/search summaries show 89 studies; the current PubMed abstract states 88, which is used here.

Topics: Reproduction; Oxidative stress; Animal experiments

Exposures: Radiofrequency; Microwaves

Journal: Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.)

Links: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reprotox.2026.109300; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42349729/

Access Label: Abstract checked

Source Check: Primary PubMed/Europe PMC metadata and abstract checked; full article not assessed. Linked notice records checked on 21 October 2026.

Citation: Nushin Naderi; Marziyeh Tavalaee; Parand Heydarian Far; Ali Mokhtari; Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani. Influence of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation on spermatogenesis and sperm function in rodent models: A systematic review. Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.). 2026. doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2026.109300.

Related Studies: RF-006; RF-022; RF-044; RF-008; RF-046

Url: /reviews/rev-029/

Year: 2026

Record Type: review_or_mechanism

Source Url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reprotox.2026.109300