# REV-002 — Ion-channel disruption, oxidative stress and DNA damage

Collection: Reviews & proposed mechanisms (not an original experiment)

Doi: 10.3892/ijo.2021.5272

Title: Human‑made electromagnetic fields: Ion forced‑oscillation and voltage‑gated ion channel dysfunction, oxidative stress and DNA damage (Review)

Authors: Dimitris J Panagopoulos; Andreas Karabarbounis; Igor Yakymenko; George P Chrousos

Date: 2021-10-07

Issueyear: 2021

Why: A proposed chain from ion-channel disturbance to oxidative damage gives researchers specific steps to test.

Summary: Develops an ion forced-oscillation model: polarized low-frequency components may disturb voltage-gated ion channels, change intracellular ions and promote reactive oxygen species and DNA damage.

Limitations: Mechanistic synthesis and theoretical modelling; its full causal chain is not established across exposure types or validated as a quantitative predictor of human disease.

Scope: A biophysical and biological synthesis connecting forced oscillation of ions, voltage-gated channels, oxidative stress and DNA damage.

Exposures: ELF magnetic fields; Radiofrequency; Modulated wireless signals

Journal: International journal of oncology

Heading: Ion-channel disruption, oxidative stress and DNA damage

Id: REV-002

Kind: Proposed mechanism

Topics: Ion channels; Oxidative stress; DNA damage

Links: https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2021.5272; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34617575/; https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8562392/

Author: Panagopoulos et al.

Access Label: Original-text passages checked

Source Check: Full text: introduction and conclusion/limitations passages checked; metadata/abstract also checked. Linked PubMed/Europe PMC notice records checked on 21 October 2026; this is not a guarantee that every editorial update is indexed.

Citation: Dimitris J Panagopoulos; Andreas Karabarbounis; Igor Yakymenko; George P Chrousos. Human‑made electromagnetic fields: Ion forced‑oscillation and voltage‑gated ion channel dysfunction, oxidative stress and DNA damage (Review). International journal of oncology. 2021. doi:10.3892/ijo.2021.5272.

Related Studies: RF-006; RF-008; RF-046; RF-005; RF-016

Url: /reviews/rev-002/

Year: 2021

Record Type: review_or_mechanism

Source Url: https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2021.5272